Ekspresi Bahasa Evaluatif pada Artikel Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Kesehatan dan Ilmu Sosial

Ahmad Fadly, Untung Yuwono

Abstract


Scientific article writers (SAW) are required to avoid subjectivity through their language. On the other hand, they are expected to offer critical propositions(s) that involve evaluation of phenomena or metaphenomena. Through an appraisal framework, this study aims to bridge two opposing orientations in writing scientific articles: objective and evaluative-critical. This researcher uses a qualitative approach to obtain in-depth analysis of scientific articles. The data sources used are nationally accredited scientific articles in Indonesian in the fields of health sciences and social sciences, which are indexed by the Science and Technology Index (SINTA) and have a top five impact factor ranking. The results of this study indicate that PAI attitude preferences influence the degree of objectivity and subjectivity. In the field of health sciences, PAI avoids subjectivity with nominalization and objectivation of feelings or emotions. In the field of social sciences, PAI seeks passivation and shifts Affect resources to Judgement. The shifting of resources is a way to institutionalize the expression of emotions and feelings.

Abstrak
Penulis artikel ilmiah dituntut menghindari subjektivitas melalui bahasanya. Di sisi lain, ia diharapkan menawarkan proposisi(-proposisi) kritis yang melibatkan evaluasi terhadap fenomena atau metafenomena. Melalui kerangka appraisal, penelitian ini bertujuan menjembatani dua orientasi yang beroposisi dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah: objektif dan evaluatif-kritis. Peneliti ini menggunakan ancangan kualitatif untuk memperoleh kedalaman analisis atas artikel ilmiah. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah artikel-artikel ilmiah terakreditasi nasional berbahasa Indonesia bidang ilmu kesehatan dan ilmu sosial, yang terindeks Science and Technology Index (SINTA) dan memiliki faktor dampak (impact factor) peringkat lima teratas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa preferensi sikap PAI berpengaruh pada derajat objektivitas dan subjektivitasnya. Pada bidang ilmu kesehatan, PAI menghindari subjektivitas dengan nominalisasi dan objektivasi perasaan atau emosi. Pada bidang ilmu sosial, PAI mengupayakan pasivasi dan menggeser sumber daya Afek menjadi Penilaian. Penggeseran sumber daya itu merupakan cara melembagakan (institutionalized) ekspresi emosi dan perasaan.

Keywords


linguistics; evaluative language; appraisal framework; scientific articles

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v14i1.5527

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