Tren Penelitian Kesadaran Fonologis dan Asesmen Diagnostik

Vivih Karlina, Yeti Mulyati, Halimah Halimah, Rosita Rahma, Khaerudin Kurniawan

Abstract


Research on phonological awareness has developed rapidly, yet the position of diagnostic assessment in early reading has not been mapped in an integrated manner. This study aims to map research trends in phonological awareness and diagnostic assessment in early reading during the 2014–2024 period. This study employed bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review. Data were collected by retrieving articles from the Scopus database using Boolean queries. From an initial 103 articles, 40 met the inclusion criteria following the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram. The data were analyzed using VOSviewer to map publication trends, contributions by countries and institutions, author collaboration, and keyword co-occurrence, followed by thematic analysis to identify research focuses, methods, populations, and major findings. The results show that publications have increased since 2020 and that the United States is the dominant contributor. Thematically, the literature is dominated by studies on phonological awareness and phonological processing (35%), followed by decoding and word-reading development (25%), whereas diagnostic assessment and screening account for only 15%. The findings further indicate that phonological awareness is the main predictor of early reading in 20 articles, decoding contributes to word-reading development in 11 articles, and only 6 articles report diagnostic assessment instruments for screening. This study confirms that stronger integration between phonological awareness and diagnostic assessment is needed to support the early detection of reading difficulties.

Abstrak
Penelitian mengenai kesadaran fonologis berkembang pesat, tetapi posisi asesmen diagnostik dalam membaca awal belum dipetakan secara terintegrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan tren penelitian kesadaran fonologis dan asesmen diagnostik dalam membaca awal pada periode 2014–2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis bibliometrik dan tinjauan pustaka sistematis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penelusuran artikel pada basis data Scopus menggunakan kueri Boolean. Dari 103 artikel awal, diperoleh 40 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berdasarkan alur PRISMA 2020. Data dianalisis menggunakan VOSviewer untuk memetakan tren publikasi, kontribusi negara dan institusi, kolaborasi penulis, serta ko-kemunculan kata kunci, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi fokus penelitian, metode, populasi, dan temuan utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa publikasi meningkat sejak 2020 dan didominasi oleh Amerika Serikat. Secara tematik, penelitian didominasi oleh kesadaran dan pemrosesan fonologis (35%) serta decoding dan perkembangan membaca kata (25%), sedangkan asesmen dan skrining diagnostik hanya menempati 15%. Temuan lain menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran fonologis menjadi prediktor utama membaca awal pada 20 artikel, decoding memperkuat perkembangan membaca kata pada 11 artikel, dan instrumen asesmen diagnostik untuk skrining masih terbatas pada 6 artikel. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa integrasi antara kesadaran fonologis dan asesmen diagnostik masih perlu diperkuat untuk mendukung deteksi dini kesulitan membaca.

Keywords


Kesadaran Fonologis; Fonologi Membaca; Asesmen Diagnostik; Membaca awal; Bibliometrik

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