Narasi Kebijakan dalam Komunikasi Pemerintah Pada Fase Awal Implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab tiga pertanyaan: bagaimana narasi kebijakan MBG dirancang dan dibingkai sebagai kebijakan bertahap; bagaimana pilihan bahasa dan terminologi digunakan untuk mengelola ekspektasi publik; serta bagaimana komunikasi krisis diterapkan dalam merespons isu dan insiden yang muncul pada fase awal implementasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur dengan 11 informan dari Kantor Komunikasi Kepresidenan (KKK) dan Badan Gizi Nasional (BGN), dilengkapi dengan observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles et al. (2014) melalui tahapan kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, yang diinterpretasikan menggunakan kerangka teori framing, Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), dan Image Restoration Theory. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga temuan utama. Pertama, narasi kebijakan MBG secara konsisten dibingkai sebagai investasi jangka panjang sumber daya manusia melalui kerangka "Indonesia Emas 2045" dan narasi "anak generasi emas", yang menggeser fokus dari perdebatan fiskal menuju manfaat masa depan. Kedua, pengelolaan ekspektasi publik dilakukan melalui pemilihan terminologi yang strategis penggunaan frasa "dimulainya program" dan label "uji coba" memosisikan kendala awal sebagai bagian dari proses bertahap, bukan indikator kegagalan. Ketiga, respons terhadap krisis mengikuti pola konsisten: empati yang beroperasi secara implisit melalui kehadiran negara, klarifikasi berbasis fakta dengan verifikasi berjenjang, dan tindakan korektif yang ditegaskan secara publik. Studi ini berkontribusi pada kajian linguistik dengan menunjukkan bahwa bahasa dan narasi kebijakan berfungsi sebagai instrumen strategis yang tidak sekadar menyampaikan makna, tetapi secara aktif membentuk cara publik memahami, menilai, dan merespons kebijakan publik pada fase implementasi awal.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v15i1.8518
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