Perbedaan Ekspresi Emosional Terjemahan Mesin dan Manusia: Studi Kasus Google Translate

Retno Purwani Sari, Tatan Tawami, Nenden Rikma Dewi, Chepi Nur Albar

Abstract


This study seeks to compare how machine translation (MT) and human translation (HT) convey emotional expressions in Dahl’s Matilda. The study discusses the limitation of neural-network machine translation, such as Google Translate, in fully capturing emotional nuance in literary texts although this technology has contributed significantly to improve translation speed and cross-linguistic accessibility. This study employs a descriptive qualitative with a comparative approach. Character-centered content analysis is applied to examine differences in linguistic accuracy and emotional nuance between MT and HT, translation produced by a professional human translator. The results show that the degree of success between MT and HT varies in preserving interpersonal effect, stylistic nuance, and emotional intensity. The tendency of MT to prioritize lexical and semantic fidelity often weakens expressions with emotional loaded, and reduces the naturalness of dialog. In contrast, HT potentially produces the stylistic dictions with a higher degree of functional equivalence in terms of tenor, mode, and interpersonal function although there may be minor emotional shift, such as the imagery softening, occur. Nevertheless, both MT and HT successfully maintain the ideational meaning and emotional development of Matilda’s characteristics. These findings suggest that the main limitation of MT is in its inability to reproduce the adequate emotional and stylistic dimension of literary texts. MT may serve as a useful translation tool, but human evaluation plays significantly in preserving emotional nuance and communicative depth in literary translation.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan bagaimana terjemahan mesin (machine translation, MT) dan terjemahan manusia (human translation, HT) menyampaikan ekspresi emosional dalam novel Matilda karya Roald Dahl. Penelitian ini mendiskusikan keterbatasan sistem terjemahan mesin berbasis neural machine translation, seperti Google Translate, dalam menangkap nuansa emosional secara menyeluruh dalam teks karya sastra, meskipun teknologi ini telah meningkatkan kecepatan data dan aksesibilitas komunikasi lintas bahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan komparatif. Teknik analisis konten yang difokuskan pada karakter Matilda (character-centered analysis), digunakan untuk mengkaji perbedaan akurasi linguistik dan nuansa emosional antara hasil terjemahan MT dan terjemahan penerjemah profesional, HT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan tingkat keberhasilan MT dan HT dalam mempertahankan efek interpersonal, nuansa stilistika, dan intensitas emosional. Kecenderungan MT mempertahankan fidelitas leksikal dan semantik melemahkan ungkapan bermuatan emosional dan kealamian dialog. Sementara itu, pilihan diksi stilistik HT memungkinkan terjemahan mencapai ekuivalensi fungsional yang lebih tinggi dalam aspek tenor, mode, dan fungsi interpersonal meskipun pergeseran emosi minor seperti pelunakan pencitraan kerap terjadi. Namun, secara umum keduanya berhasil mempertahankan makna ideasional dan perkembangan emosi karakter Matilda. Temuan ini menunjukkan keterbatasan MT terletak pada reproduksi dimensi emosional dan stilistika yang menjadi ciri khas teks karya sastra. MT dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alat bantu awal, sedangkan evaluasi manusia tetap menjadi aspek penting untuk mempertahankan nuansa emosional dan kedalaman komunikasi dalam penerjemahan karya sastra.

Keywords


emotional expression, machine translation, human translation, Google Translate, translation accuracy, affective meaning

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v15i1.8528

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