Dari Label ke Mitos: Analisis Semiotika "Anak Abah" sebagai Simbol Politik Afektif si Platform X

Ikhwan Tirtana, Eni Maryani, Ira Mirawati

Abstract


This study aims to reveal how the term “Anak Abah” functions as an affective political symbol in digital political communication on platform X. A qualitative approach with Roland Barthes’ semiotic analysis was employed. Data were collected through non- participant observation of X posts containing the term “Anak Abah” produced by Anies Baswedan supporters during the political campaign period (28 November 2023–10 February 2024) using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted in three operational stages: (1) identification of denotative meaning, (2) analysis of connotative meaning, and (3) derivation of mythological meaning. The findings indicate that “Anak Abah” does not merely serve as a supporter label but as a symbol of paternal relations emphasizing emotional closeness, moral legitimacy, and collective solidarity. This symbolic practice reflects the dominance of affective politics in digital public spheres, where emotional resonance often replaces rational policy discourse. The study contributes to language and political communication studies by affirming the ideological role of affective language in Indonesian digital politics.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana istilah “Anak Abah” berfungsi sebagai simbol politik afektif dalam komunikasi politik digital di platform X. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis semiotik Roland Barthes. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi non-partisipan berupa unggahan media sosial X yang memuat istilah “Anak Abah” dari akun-akun pendukung Anies Baswedan selama periode kampanye politik (28 November 2023–10 Februari 2024) dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dalam tiga tahap operasional: (1) identifikasi makna denotatif, (2) analisis makna konotatif, dan (3) penarikan makna mitos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa “Anak Abah” tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai label pendukung, melainkan sebagai simbol relasi paternal yang menekankan kedekatan emosional, legitimasi moral, dan solidaritas kolektif. Praktik simbolik ini mencerminkan dominasi politik afektif dalam ruang publik digital, di mana resonansi emosional kerap menggantikan diskursus kebijakan rasional. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada kajian bahasa dan komunikasi politik dengan menegaskan peran ideologis bahasa afektif dalam politik digital Indonesia.

Keywords


semiotics; political language; affective politics; collective identity

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmed, S. (2014). The cultural politics of emotion (2nd ed.). Edinburgh University Press.

Barthes, R. (1972). Mythologies (A. Lavers, Trans.). Hill and Wang.

Bennett, W. L., & Segerberg, A. (2012). The logic of connective action. Information, Communication & Society, 15(5), 739–768.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.670661

Bruns, A., & Burgess, J. (2015). Twitter hashtags from ad hoc to calculated publics. In N. Rambukkana (Ed.), Hashtag publics (pp. 13–28). Peter Lang.

Bucholtz, M., & Hall, K. (2005). Identity and interaction: A sociocultural linguistic approach. Discourse Studies, 7(4–5), 585–614. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445605054407

Chadwick, A. (2013). The hybrid media system. Oxford University Press.

Chandler, D. (2017). Semiotics: The basics (3rd ed.). Routledge.

Couldry, N. (2012). Media, society, world. Polity Press.

Couldry, N., & Hepp, A. (2017). The mediated construction of reality. Polity Press.

Dean, J. (2010). Blog theory: Feedback and capture in the circuits of drive. Polity Press.

Dubois, E., & Blank, G. (2018). The echo chamber is overstated. Information, Communication & Society, 21(5), 729–745.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2018.1428656

Edelman, M. (1988). Constructing the political spectacle. University of Chicago Press.

Firmansyah, A., Malik, M., Indriani, P., & Firdaus, W. (2025). Analisis Unsur Semiotika Pupujian “Gusti Urang Sararea” sebagai Usulan Bahan Ajar di SMP. LOA: Jurnal Ketatabahasaan dan Kesusastraan, 19(2).

Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis. Longman.

Freelon, D., McIlwain, C. D., & Clark, M. D. (2018). Beyond the hashtags: #Ferguson, #BlackLivesMatter, and the online struggle for offline justice. American Behavioral Scientist, 62(4), 415–432. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764216689021

Fuchs, C. (2017). Social media: A critical introduction (2nd ed.). Sage.

Graham, T., Broersma, M., Hazelhoff, K., & van ’t Haar, G. (2013). Between broadcasting political messages and interacting with voters. Information, Communication & Society, 16(5), 692–716. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.785581

Hall, S. (1997). Representation. Sage.

Highfield, T. (2016). Social media and everyday politics. Polity Press.

Jenkins, H., Ford, S., & Green, J. (2013). Spreadable media. Journal of Communication, 63(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12014

Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images. Visual Communication, 5(1), 43–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470357206065523

Laclau, E. (2005). On populist reason. Verso.

Lim, M. (2017). Freedom to hate. Critical Asian Studies, 49(3), 411–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2017.1341188

Marwick, A., & Lewis, R. (2017). Media manipulation and disinformation online. Data & Society.

Moffitt, B. (2016). The performative style of populist leaders. Political Studies, 64(2), 381–397. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.12184

Mouffe, C. (2005). On the political. Routledge.

Nugroho, Y., & Syarief, S. S. (2012). Beyond click-activism? New media and political processes in contemporary Indonesia. HIVOS.

Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics. Oxford University Press.

Papacharissi, Z. (2016). Affective publics and structures of storytelling. Information, Communication & Society, 19(3), 307–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2015.1109697

Poell, T., & van Dijck, J. (2015). Social media and activist communication. Social Media + Society, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115622481

Rahardi, R. K., & Firdaus, W. (2023). Expert judgements of integrated cyberpragmatics learning model with socio-semiotics multimodality-based cybertext contexts. Aksara, 35(2), 211-227.

Saussure, F. de. (1983). Course in general linguistics. Duckworth.

Sunstein, C. R. (2017). #Republic. Princeton University Press.

Thompson, J. B. (1995). The media and modernity. Polity Press.

van Dijck, J. (2013). The culture of connectivity. Oxford University Press.

van Dijk, T. A. (2006). Discourse and manipulation. Discourse & Society, 17(3), 359–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926506060250

Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2009). Methods of critical discourse analysis (2nd ed.). Sage.

Zappavigna, M. (2012). Discourse of Twitter and social media. Continuum.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v15i1.8537

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Lihat Statistik Jurnal Ranah View MyStat

 

Ranah: jurnal Kajian Bahasa diterbitkan oleh Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa bekerja sama dengan Perkumpulan Pengelola Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Pengajarannya (PPJB-SIP) is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 

 

©2017a

Sekretariat Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

Jalan Daksinapati Barat IV, Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur

Pos-el: jurnalranahbahasa@gmail.com

Telepon: (021) 4706287