FROM “SKIBIDI” TO “RIZZ”: SPEECH ACTS AND CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURES IN DIGITAL LANGUAGE ON TIKTOK

Abstract

This study aims to describe speech acts and conversational implicatures in digital language on Indonesian TikTok. The study employs a qualitative approach using pragmatic analysis of 20 utterances drawn from TikTok captions and comment sections containing popular lexical items, such as “skibidi”, “Rizz”, “sigma”, “no cap”, “bussin”, “slay”, “W”, “L”, and “NPC”. The data were analyzed through contextual identification, classification of speech acts based on Searle’s taxonomy, analysis of Gricean conversational maxims, and interpretation of pragmatic functions. The findings show that expressive speech acts are the most dominant (45%), followed by assertives (30%), directives (15%), and commissives (10%). The maxims of manner and relevance are most frequently exploited or flouted through elliptical, metaphorical, absurd, and culturally embedded utterances. The resulting implicatures function to construct communal identity, distinguish community members from non-members, and facilitate communicative efficiency. These findings demonstrate that popular lexical items in digital language function not only as lexical elements but also as pragmatic resources for constructing meaning and social relations on TikTok.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan jenis tindak tutur dan implikatur percakapan dalam bahasa digital pada TikTok Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis pragmatik terhadap 20 tuturan yang bersumber dari caption dan kolom komentar TikTok yang memuat leksikon populer, seperti “skibidi”, “Rizz”, “sigma”, “no cap”, “bussin”, “slay”, “W”, “L”, dan “NPC”. Data dianalisis melalui identifikasi konteks, klasifikasi tindak tutur berdasarkan taksonomi Searle, analisis maksim percakapan Grice, dan interpretasi fungsi pragmatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindak tutur ekspresif paling dominan (45%), diikuti asertif (30%), direktif (15%), dan komisif (10%). Maksim cara dan relevansi paling sering dimanfaatkan atau dilanggar melalui tuturan yang bersifat eliptis, metaforis, absurd, dan bergantung pada pengetahuan budaya digital bersama. Implikatur yang dihasilkan berfungsi dalam pembentukan identitas komunal, pembedaan anggota dan bukan anggota komunitas, serta efisiensi komunikasi digital. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa leksikon populer dalam bahasa digital tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai unsur leksikal, tetapi juga sebagai sumber daya pragmatik dalam membangun makna dan relasi sosial di TikTok.